ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore a feasible animal model of dysphagia after stroke. MethodsTwenty-two clean Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (n = 11) and model group (n = 11). The model of dysphagia after stroke was established by the thread embolism, and the normal group received no intervention. The latency of the first swallowing attack and the number of swallowing were recorded three and seven days after modeling. The cerebral infarction was detected by TTC staining, and the neuronal apoptosis in ischemic brain was detected by TUNEL fluorescence staining. ResultsCompared with the normal group, the swallowing latency prolonged and the number of swallowing reduced three days in the model group, however, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05); seven days after modeling, the swallowing latency prolonged (P < 0.05), and the number of swallowing slightly reduced with little significant difference (P > 0.05). Compared with the normal group, the brain tissue showed obvious infarction area and a large number of apoptotic cells, while the body mass reduced in the model group (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe model rats express some features of dysphagia, which may become a transformation model of dysphagia after stroke.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the clinical efficacy of bilateral double Z plasties for correction of the webbed neck defects, and to explore its principle and superiority to other reported methods. Methods We designed a small Z plasty over the mastoid with a rhomboidal skin resection of infra-hairline, and another large Z plasty transposition skin flap in superior-acromion. The tight band of fibrous webbing was separately cut and undermined at infra-mastoid and midclavicular line, wherein the middle part of the band retracted medially.Results It involved narrow tunneled anterolateral skin undermining and minimal skin resections from the nape of the neck, and posterior rhomboidal skin excision avoided the unnatural and noticeable lateral scars with normal skin extended in the middle of the webbing.The resultant scar was hidden and mild with no hypertrophic scars. A total of 5 cases were repaired, in which 1 case was male, 4 others were females. Follow-up for 1 to 11 years showed that the appearance and function in the repaired sites by using the bilateral double Z-plasties for repair of webbed neck deformity were very satisfactory. Conclusion We propose the use of this technique for correction of webbed neck deformities with simplified manipulation and cosmetic effect.
ABSTRACT
With the aim of further understanding of the nerve supply of the Iumbodorsal region,and its relation to the pathogenesis of lumbago and lumbocrural pain,the superior chnial nerves of lilty adult Chinese cadavers were dissected. In the present study,it was shown that the superior clunial nerve consists of lateral branches of the posterior rami of spinal nerves rarying from T_(12)L_(1～5)and S_1 segments. The contribution of these branches to this nerve is as follows,T_(12):40 cases,L_1 and L_2: 100 cases each,L_3:96 cases,L_4:48 cases,L_5:11 cases,and S_1:4 cases.Our observation revealed the fact that the posterior rami of L_(4,s)spinal nerves consist of a lot of lateral cutaneous branches,which is not in accordance with embroyological descriptions cited in literature which deny their existence. Basing on our data,we classify the superior clunial nerve into 4 types,Viz:one- branched:1 case;two-branched:15 cases;three-branched:66 cases;and four-branched:18 cases. More than one half of the medial and the most medial branches of the superior clunial nerves perforate through the deep surface of the attachment of the posterior layer of the lumbodorsal fascia on to the iliac crest,and enter the superficial fascia of the buttock.During acute wriggle of the loin,the firm fixation and tight stretching of the perforating branches by this attachment may cause partly the injury of the branches. The crossing point of the lateral margin of the sacrospinalis muscle and iliac crest or the area slightly medial to this point is the site where the perforating superior clun- ial nerve could be localized supeficialiy.